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One established means of testing the integrity of packages nondestructively involves applying pressure or vacuum to packages inside airtight chambers to reveal leaks. The initial pressure applied to the package in the chamber is measured against a final pressure, and the change in pressure represents a measure of leakage. Vacuum testing can detect very small leaks. For more information, click on the following ASTM standards:
Dye penetration leak tests involve applying dye evenly onto a package to detect the dye seeping into any defects. After a specified period of time, the dye on the surface of the package is cleaned and a white powder observant is applied to the surface, which performs a blotting action. The result of the test is determined on a pass/fail basis by subjective evaluation. For more information on leak testing by dye penetration, see ASTM Standard F1929 Leak testing by bubble emission is also a destructive testing method and just like with dye penetration, manufacturers should expect to waste a certain amount of package material and products. Leak testing by bubble emission involves submerging the package underwater and looking for leaks.
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